Welding ikozvino, voltage uye welding kumhanya ndiwo makuru emagetsi ma paramita anoona weld size.
1. Welding ikozvino
Kana iyo welding ikozvino inowedzera (mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anoramba asina kuchinjwa), kudzika kwekupinda uye kureba kwakasara kwekuwedzera kweweld, uye hupamhi hwekunyunguduka hahuna kuchinja zvakanyanya (kana kuwedzera zvishoma).Izvi zvinodaro nekuti:
(1) Mushure mekuwedzera kwemazuva ano, simba re arc uye kupisa kwekuisa pane workpiece kunowedzera, nzvimbo yemhepo inopisa inodzika pasi, uye kudzika kwekupinda kunowedzera.Kudzika kwekupinda kwakada kuenzana kune welding current.
(2) Mushure mekuwedzera kwazvino, kuwanda kwekunyunguduka kwewaya yewelding kunowedzera zvakaenzana, uye kureba kwasara kunowedzera nekuti hupamhi hwekunyunguduka hunenge husina kushanduka.
(3) Mushure mekuwedzera ikozvino, dhayamita yearc column inowedzera, asi kudzika kwearc submersible mukati me workpiece kunowedzera, uye kufamba kwekufamba kwearc spot kunogumira, saka hupamhi hwekunyunguduka hunenge husingashanduki.
2. Arc voltage
Mushure mekunge arc voltage yawedzera, simba rearc rinowedzera, kupisa kupinza kweiyo workpiece kunowedzera, uye kureba kwearc kunorebeswa uye radius yekugovera inowedzera, saka kudzika kwekupinda kunoderera zvishoma uye kunyungudika kunowedzera.Kureba kwakasara kunoderera, nokuti hupamhi hwekunyunguduka hunowedzera, asi kunyunguduka kwetambo yewelding kunoderera zvishoma.
3. Welding speed
Kana iyo welding yekumhanyisa ichiwedzera, simba rinodzikira, uye kudzika kwekupinda nehupamhi hwekupinda kunoderera.Kureba kwakasara kunoderedzwawo, nokuti uwandu hwekuiswa kwesimbi yewaya pane weld per unit urefu hunopesana nehupamhi hwekunyunguduka, uye hupamhi hwekunyunguduka hunopindirana nehupamhi hwehupamhi hwekupisa.
uko U inomiririra welding voltage, ini ndiri welding ikozvino, ikozvino inokanganisa kudzika kwekupinda, voltage inokanganisa hupamhi hwekunyunguduka, ikozvino inobatsira kupisa pasina kupisa, magetsi anobatsira kune mashoma spatter, maviri anogadzirisa imwe. yavo, gadzirisa imwe parameter inogona weld saizi yeazvino ine simba guru pamhando yewelding uye kugadzirwa kwemagetsi.
Iko welding ikozvino inonyanya kukanganisa saizi yekupinda.Ikozvino yakanyanya kuduku, iyo arc haina kugadzikana, kudzika kwemukati kuduku, zviri nyore kukonzera kukanganisa kwakadai sekupinda kusina kusungirirwa uye kuiswa kwe slag, uye kubereka kwakaderera;Kana iyo yazvino yakawandisa, weld inotarisana nekuremara senge undercut uye kupisa-kuburikidza, uye panguva imwechete inokonzera spatter.
Naizvozvo, iyo welding ikozvino inofanirwa kusarudzwa nenzira kwayo, uye inogona kuwanzo kusarudzwa zvichienderana neempirical formula zvinoenderana nedhayamita ye electrode, uye yozogadziridzwa zvakakodzera zvichienderana nenzvimbo yeweld, fomu rekubatana, welding level, weldment ukobvu, nezvimwe.
Iyo arc voltage inotarirwa nearc kureba, iyo arc yakareba, uye iyo arc voltage yakakwirira;Kana iyo arc ipfupi, iyo arc voltage yakaderera.Saizi yearc voltage inonyanya kukanganisa hupamhi hwekunyungudika kweweld.
Iyo arc haifanirwe kunge yakareba panguva yewelding process, kana zvisina kudaro, kupisa kwearc hakuna kugadzikana, kunowedzera spatter yesimbi, uye kuchaitawo kuti porosity mu weld nekuda kwekupinda kwemhepo.Naizvozvo, kana welding, edza kushandisa mapfupi arcs, uye kazhinji zvinoda kuti kureba kwearc kusapfuure dhayamita ye electrode.
Saizi yekumhanyisa welding yakanangana nekugadzirwa kwewelding.Kuti uwane iyo yakanyanya kumhanyisa kumhanya, yakakura electrode dhayamita uye welding ikozvino inofanirwa kushandiswa pasi penzvimbo yekusimbisa mhando, uye kumhanya kwewelding kunofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kureba uye upamhi hweweld. inowirirana sezvinobvira.
1. Short circuit transition welding
Iyo pfupi-circuit shanduko muCO2 arc welding ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa, inonyanya kushandiswa kune yakatetepa ndiro uye yakazara-nzvimbo welding, uye yakatarwa paramita ndeye arc voltage welding ikozvino, welding kumhanya, welding circuit inductance, kuyerera kwegasi uye welding waya yekuwedzera kureba. .
(1) Arc voltage uye welding current, kune imwe welding waya dhayamita uye welding current (kureva, waya yekudyisa speed), inofanira kuenderana nearc voltage yakafanira kuitira kuti iwane yakagadzikana ye short circuit transition process, panguva ino spatter iri. zvishoma.
(2) Welding wedunhu inductance, iro basa guru re inductance:
a.Gadzirisa kukura kweshort-circuit current di/dt, di/dt idiki zvekusakonzeresa kuti zvimedu zvihombe zvisapuke kusvika chikamu chikuru chewaya yewelding yaputika uye arc yadzima, uye di/dt yakakurisa kuti igadzire nhamba huru yezvimedu zviduku zvesimbi spatter.
b.Rongedza iyo arc yekupisa nguva uye kudzora kupinda kweiyo base simbi.
c .Welding speed.Kunyanya kukurumidza welding kunokonzeresa kuvhuvhuta kumativi ese e weld, uye kana kumhanya kwewelding kunonoka, hurema hwakadai sekupisa-kuburikidza uye coarse weld chimiro chinozoitika nyore.
d .Kuyerera kwegasi kunobva pane zvinhu zvakadai semajoini emhando ndiro ukobvu, welding tsanangudzo uye maitiro ekushanda.Kazhinji, kuyerera kwegasi kunosvika 5-15 L/min kana uchitungidza waya yakanaka, uye 20-25 L/min kana uchitungidza waya gobvu.
e.Wire extension.Kureba kwakakodzera kwewaya kunofanirwa kunge kuri 10-20 nguva yedhayamita yewaya yewelding.Munguva yekugadzira simbi, edza kuichengeta muhupamhi hwe 10-20mm, kureba kwekuwedzera kunowedzera, iyo welding ikozvino inoderera, kupinza kwesimbi yepasi kunoderera, uye pamwe chete, kuwedzera ikozvino uye kupinda kunowedzera.Iyo yakakura iyo resistivity ye welding wire, iyo inonyanya kuoneka iyi mhedzisiro.
f.Simba rekupa polarity.CO2 arc welding kazhinji inotora DC reverse polarity, diki spatter, arc yakagadzika base simbi kupinda yakakura, yakanaka kuumbwa, uye iyo hydrogen yemukati yeweld simbi yakadzikira.
2. Fine-particle shanduko.
(1) Mu CO2 gasi, kune imwe dhayamita yewaya yewelding, kana yazvino ichiwedzera kune imwe kukosha uye ichiperekedzwa nearc pressure yakakwirira, simbi yakanyungudutswa yewaya yewelding inobhururuka yakasununguka ichipinda mudziva rakanyungudutswa rine zvidimbu zvidiki, uye iyi shanduko fomu yakanaka particle shanduko.
Munguva yekuchinja kwezvikamu zvakanaka, kupinza kwearc kwakasimba, uye simbi yepasi ine kudzika kukuru kwekupinda, iyo yakakodzera yepakati uye yakakora plate welding.Iyo reverse DC nzira inoshandiswawo kune fine-grain transition welding.
(2) Sezvo ikozvino kuwedzera, iyo arc voltage inofanirwa kuwedzerwa, kana ikasadaro iyo arc ine yekugezesa mhedzisiro padhamu resimbi yakanyungudutswa, uye iyo weld inogadzira inodzikira, uye kuwedzera kwakakodzera kwearc voltage kunogona kudzivirira chiitiko ichi.Nekudaro, kana iyo arc voltage yakakwira zvakanyanya, splash ichawedzera zvakanyanya, uye pasi peiyo ikozvino, iyo arc voltage inoderera sezvo dhayamita yewaya yewelding inowedzera.
Pane musiyano wakakura pakati pe CO2 yakanaka particle shanduko uye jet shanduko muTIG welding.Iyo jeti shanduko muTIG welding ndeye axial, nepo iyo yakanaka particle shanduko muCO2 isiri-axial uye kuchine imwe simbi spatter.Mukuwedzera, iyo jet shanduko yemuganhu ikozvino mu argon arc welding ine hunhu hwakajeka hwakasiyana.(kunyanya welded Stainless simbi uye ferrous simbi), nepo fine-grained shanduko hadziite.
3. Matanho ekudzikisa simbi inoputika
(1) Sarudzo chaiyo yemaparamendi, welding arc voltage: Kune yega yega dhayamita yewaya yewelding muarc, pane mimwe mitemo pakati peiyo spatter rate uye welding ikozvino.Munharaunda diki yemazuva ano, iyo pfupi-dunhu
transition splash idiki, uye mwero wekuputika munzvimbo yakakura yazvino (fine particle transition region) idiki zvakare.
(2) Welding torch angle: mwenje wewelding une hushoma hwe spatter kana yakamira, uye kukura kwekona yekurerekera, ndiko kukura kwe spatter.Zviri nani kurerekera pfuti yekubatira mberi kana kumashure isingapfuure madhigirii makumi maviri.
(3) Welding wire yekuwedzera kureba: Kureba kwewelding wire yekuwedzera kune kukanganisa kukuru pane spatter, kureba kwewelding waya yekuwedzera inowedzerwa kubva pa20 kusvika 30mm, uye huwandu hwe spatter hunowedzera ne5%, saka kuwedzera. kureba kunofanira kupfupikiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
4. Mhando dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira magasi dzine nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzira.
(1) The welding nzira kushandisa CO2 gasi sekudzivirira gasi iri CO2 arc welding.Preheater inofanira kuiswa mumhepo inopa.Nekuti mvura CO2 inotora huwandu hukuru hwesimba rekupisa panguva inoenderera gasification, iyo vhoriyamu yekuwedzera kwegasi mushure mekushungurudzika neiyo inoderedza kudzvinyirira kunoderedzawo tembiricha yegesi, kuitira kudzivirira hunyoro huri muCO2 gasi kubva kuchando muhumburundiro uye kudzvanya kudzikisa vharafu uye kuvhara gasi nzira, saka iyo CO2 gasi inopisa neiyo preheater pakati pehumburumbira yekubuda uye kudzikiswa kwekumanikidza.
(2) Iyo welding nzira ye CO2 + Ar gasi sekudzivirira gasi MAG welding nzira inonzi kuchengetedzwa kwegasi.Iyi welding nzira yakakodzera simbi isina tsvina.
(3) Ar seMIG welding nzira yegasi yakadzivirirwa welding, iyi welding nzira yakakodzera aluminium uye aluminium alloy welding.
Nguva yekutumira: May-23-2023