Zvinokuvadza zvinhu welding zvinhu
(1) Chinhu chikuru chekutsvagisa chehutsanana hwebasa ndeye fusion welding, uye pakati pazvo, matambudziko ehutsanana ekuvhura arc welding ndiwo makuru, uye matambudziko ekunyudzwa kwearc welding uye electroslag welding ndiwo mashoma.
(2) Zvinhu zvikuru zvinokuvadza zveakafukidzwa electrode manual arc welding, carbon arc gouging uye CO2 gasi shielded welding ndiwo utsi uye guruva rinogadzirwa panguva yewelding process - welding fume.Kunyanya electrode manual arc welding.Uye kabhoni arc gouging, kana welding oparesheni inoitwa munzvimbo yakamanikana yekushanda nzvimbo (boiler, kabhini, mudziyo usina mhepo uye pombi, nezvimwewo) kwenguva yakareba, uye kana iri kuchengetedzwa kwehutsanana husina kunaka, zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kune kufema hurongwa, etc. kutambura welding pneumoconiosis.
(3) Muchetura gasi chinhu chikuru chinokuvadza chegasi electric welding uye plasma arc welding, uye kana iyo yekumisikidza yakakwira, inokonzeresa zviratidzo zvechepfu.Kunyanya, ozone uye nitrogen oxides inogadzirwa nearc yakakwirira tembiricha mwaranzi inoshanda pane okisijeni uye nitrogen mumhepo.
(4) Arc radiation chinhu chinowanzokuvadza chinokuvadza kune ese akavhurika arc welding, uye chirwere chemaziso che electro-optic chinokonzerwa nacho chirwere chakakosha chebasa chekuvhura arc welding.Arc radiation inogonawo kukuvadza ganda, zvichiita kuti welders vatambure nezvirwere zveganda senge dermatitis, erythema uye mablisters madiki.Mukuwedzera, machira ekotoni akakuvadzwa.
(5) Tungsten argon arc welding uye plasma arc welding, nokuti welding machine ine high-frequency oscillator kuti ibatsire kutanga arc, pane zvinhu zvinokuvadza - high-frequency electromagnetic field, kunyanya welding machine ine nguva yakareba yekushanda. ye-high-frequency oscillator (yakadai seMamwe fekitari-yakagadzirwa argon arc welding michina).High-frequency electromagnetic fields inogona kukonzera welders kutambura nezvirwere zvetsinga uye system yeropa.
Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwethoriated tungsten rod electrodes, thorium chinhu chine radioactive, saka pane zvinokuvadza zvinokonzeresa mwaranzi (α, β uye γ mwaranzi), uye zvinogona kukonzera radioactive njodzi dzakatenderedza grinder uko iyo thoriated tungsten tsvimbo inochengetwa uye inorodzwa. .
(6) Munguva yeplasma arc welding, kupfapfaidza nekucheka, ruzha rwakasimba ruchagadzirwa, izvo zvinokuvadza welder's auditory nerve kana kudzivirira kusina kunaka.
(7) Zvinhu zvikuru zvinokuvadza panguva yekupisa gasi yesimbi isina-ferrous iguruva reoxide rinoumbwa nekubuda kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa mumhepo, uye gasi rine muchetura kubva mukuyerera.
Kungwarira pakushandisa welding zvinhu
1. Kazhinji kune marudzi maviri emagetsi emagetsi asina tsvina: titanium-calcium type uye yakaderera-hydrogen.Iyo welding ikozvino inotora DC magetsi ekupa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, izvo zvinobatsira kukurira kutsvuka uye kudzika kwekupinda kwetsvimbo yewelding.Electrodes ine titanium-calcium coating haina kukodzera kune ese-nzvimbo welding, asi chete kune flat welding uye flat fillet welding;ma electrode ane yakaderera-hydrogen coating anogona kushandiswa kune ese-nzvimbo welding.
2. Stainless steel electrodes inofanira kuchengetwa yakaoma panguva yekushandiswa.Kuti udzivise kuremara kwakadai sekutsemuka, makomba, uye pores, titanium-calcium yekuputira inoomeswa pa150-250 ° C kweawa imwe isati yatungidzirwa, uye iyo yakaderera-hydrogen yekupfeka inoomeswa pa200-300 ° C. 1 awa pamberi welding.Usaomesa kakawanda, kana zvisina kudaro ganda richawa nyore nyore.
3. Chenesa chibatanidza chekugadzira, uye kudzivirira tsvimbo yekuputika kubva pakusvibiswa nemafuta uye imwe tsvina, kuitira kuti irege kuwedzera kabhoni yehuputi uye inokanganisa kunaka kwehutano.
4. Kuti udzivise intergranular corrosion inokonzerwa nekupisa, iyo welding ikozvino haifaniri kunge yakakura, kazhinji inenge 20% yakaderera pane iyo carbon steel electrodes, iyo arc haifaniri kunge yakareba, uye interlayers inotonhora nokukurumidza.
5. Nyatsoteerera paunotanga arc, usatanga arc pane isiri-welding chikamu, zviri nani kushandisa arc kutanga ndiro yechinhu chimwechete se weldment kuti utange arc.
6. Short-arc welding inofanira kushandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.Iyo arc kureba kazhinji 2-3mm.Kana iyo arc yakanyanya kureba, kupisa kwemafuta kunoitika nyore.
7. Mutsara wekutakura: pfupi-arc kukurumidza welding inofanira kugamuchirwa, uye lateral swing kazhinji haibvumirwi.Chinangwa ndechekudzikisa kupisa uye kupisa-kukanganisa nzvimbo yehupamhi, kuvandudza weld kuramba kune intergranular corrosion uye kuderedza maitiro ekupisa kwekupisa.
8. Welding of dissimilar steels inofanira kunyatsosarudza welding rods kudzivirira kuputika kwekupisa kubva pakusarudzwa kusina kunaka kwematanda emagetsi kana kunaya kwe σ phase mushure mekupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro, izvo zvichaita kuti simbi iwedzere.Tarisa kune welding tsvimbo yekusarudza zviyero zveStainless simbi uye dissimilar simbi pakusarudza, uye tora yakakodzera welding maitiro.
Panyaya yemaitiro akajairwa, kuvandudza kweramangwana rekubatanidza zvigadzirwa zvezvinhu zvichawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.Mune ramangwana, zvigadzirwa zvemaoko zvichatsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nepamusoro-soro uye zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvine dhigirii rekuita otomatiki.Mamiriro, akasiyana welding technical zvinodiwa pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ebasa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-05-2023