Ndezvipi zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa welding mhedzisiro ye electrode?

Iwo welding maparamendi e electrode arc welding anonyanya kusanganisira electrode dhayamita, welding ikozvino, arc voltage, nhamba yewelding layer, simba sosi mhando uye polarity, nezvimwe.

1. Kusarudzwa kwe electrode dhayamita

Sarudzo yedhayamita ye electrode inonyanya kuenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sekukora kweiyo weldment, rudzi rwejoinhi, nzvimbo yeweld uye mwero wewelding.Pachikonzero chekusakanganisa kunaka kwewelding, kuti uvandudze kugadzirwa kwevashandi, kazhinji vanosarudza hombe dhayamita electrode.

Kune zvikamu zvewelding nehupamhi hukuru, yakakura dhayamita electrode inofanira kushandiswa.Kune flat welding, dhayamita ye electrode inoshandiswa inogona kuva yakakura;ye vertical welding, iyo dhayamita ye electrode inoshandiswa haisi kupfuura 5 mm;pawelding yakachinjika uye welding pamusoro, dhayamita ye electrode inoshandiswa kazhinji haipfuure 4 mm.Panyaya ye-multi-layer welding ine grooves yakafanana, kuitira kudzivirira kuitika kwekukanganisa kusina kukwana kwekupinda, 3.2 mm dhayamita ye electrode inofanira kushandiswa kwekutanga kweweld.Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, iyo electrode dhayamita inogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nehupamhi hweiyo weldment (sezvakanyorwa muTebhu TQ-1).

2. Kusarudzwa kwewelding ikozvino

Saizi yewelding ikozvino ine pesvedzero huru pane welding mhando uye kugadzirwa.Kana ikozvino idiki, iyo arc haina kugadzikana, uye zviri nyore kukonzera kukanganisa kwakadai sekubatanidzwa kwe slag uye kusapinda kusina kukwana, uye kubereka kwakaderera;kana ikozvino yakakura zvikuru, kukanganisa kwakadai sepasi uye kupisa-kuburikidza kunogona kuitika, uye spatter inowedzera.

Naizvozvo, kana welding ne electrode arc welding, iyo welding ikozvino inofanirwa kuve yakakodzera.Kukura kweiyo welding ikozvino kunonyanya kutsanangurwa nezvinhu zvakadai se electrode mhando, electrode dhayamita, weldment ukobvu, majoini mhando, weld nzvimbo nzvimbo uye welding pamwero, pakati iyo inonyanya kukosha ndeye electrode dhayamita uye weld nzvimbo nzvimbo.Paunenge uchishandisa general structural simbi maelectrodes, hukama pakati peiyo welding ikozvino uye dhayamita ye electrode inogona kusarudzwa neempirical formula: I = kd.

Mune fomula, ini ndinomiririra welding ikozvino (A);inomiririra dhayamita ye electrode (mm);

k inomiririra coefficient inoenderana nedhayamita ye electrode (ona Tafura TQ-2 yekusarudza).

Mukuwedzera, nzvimbo yenzvimbo ye weld yakasiyana, uye ukuru hwehutori huripo hwakasiyanawo.Kazhinji, ikozvino mu vertical welding inofanira kuva 15% ~ 20% yakaderera pane iyo muflat welding;iyo ikozvino yehorizontal welding uye overhead welding i10% ~ 15% yakaderera pane iyo muflat welding.Ukobvu hwemagetsi hwakakura, uye muganho wepamusoro wezvino unowanzoitika.

Alloy simbi maelectrodes ane akawanda alloying zvinhu anowanzo kuve nepamusoro pemagetsi ekudzivirira, hombe yekuwedzera yekuwedzera kwemafuta, yakakwira ikozvino panguva yewelding, uye electrode inogara yakatsvuka, zvichiita kuti iyo coating idonhe nguva isati yakwana, zvichikanganisa kunaka kwewelding, uye zvinhu zvealloyi zvinopiswa. yakawanda, saka welding Ikozvino inoderedzwa maererano.

3. Kusarudzwa kwearc voltage

Iyo arc voltage inotarwa nearc kureba.Kana iyo arc yakareba, iyo arc voltage yakakwirira;kana iyo arc ipfupi, iyo arc voltage yakaderera.Muchigadziro chekugadzira, kana arc yakarebesa, iyo arc ichapisa isina kugadzikana, spatter ichawedzera, kupinda kunoderera, uye mhepo yekunze inopinda nyore nyore vanhu, zvichikonzera kukanganisa senge pores.Naizvozvo, kureba kwearc kunodiwa kuve kushoma kana kuenzana nedhayamita ye electrode, kureva, pfupi arc welding.Paunenge uchishandisa asidhi electrode yewelding, kuitira kuti preheat chikamu kuti chive welded kana kuderedza tembiricha yedziva rakanyungudutswa, dzimwe nguva arc inotambanudzwa zvishoma kune welding, iyo inonzi yakareba arc welding.

4. Kusarudzwa kwenhamba yezvikamu zvewelding

Multi-layer welding inowanzoshandiswa mu arc welding yepakati uye makobvu mahwendefa.Mamwe maturu anobatsira kuvandudza mapurasitiki uye kuoma kweiyo weld, kunyanya kune inotonhora bend makona.Nekudaro, zvinodikanwa kudzivirira zvinokuvadza zvekupisa mubatanidzwa uye kuwedzera nzvimbo inobatwa nekupisa.Mukuwedzera, kuwedzera kwenhamba yezvikamu kunowedzera kuwedzera deformation ye weldment.Nokudaro, inofanira kusarudzwa nekufungisisa kwakakwana.

5. Kusarudzwa kwemhando yekupa simba uye polarity

DC magetsi ane arc yakagadzikana, diki spatter uye yakanaka welding mhando.Inowanzo shandiswa kukwenenzvera akakosha welding zvimiro kana makobvu mahwendefa ane hombe kusimba zvimiro.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, iwe unofanirwa kutanga wafunga kushandisa AC welding muchina, nekuti AC welding muchina une chimiro chakareruka, mutengo wakaderera, uye nyore kushandisa nekuchengetedza pane DC welding muchina.Kusarudzwa kwe polarity kunobva pane hunhu hwe electrode uye maitiro e welding.Tembiricha yeanode muarc yakakwira kupfuura tembiricha yecathode, uye polarities dzakasiyana dzinoshandiswa kubatanidza welds dzakasiyana.

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